Stigma and Discrimination
Although there is evidence of progress, all 38 countries still have laws that impede HIV response.
- 37 criminalize some aspects of sex work
- 11 have compulsory detention centres for people who use drugs
- 15 have the death penalty for drug-related offences
- 16 criminalize same-sex relations
-
10impose some form of restriction on the entry, stay and residence of people living with HIV based on their HIV status
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Country Data
Afghanistan
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
5/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
5/10
Bangladesh
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
4/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
4/10
Cambodia
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
4/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
3/10
China
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
5/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
5/10
Fiji
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
5/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
5/10
India
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
5/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
4/10
Indonesia
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
3/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
2/10
Lao PDR
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
7/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
6/10
Malaysia
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
7/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
7/10
Mongolia
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
4/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
4/10
Myanmar
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
5/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
5/10
Nepal
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
6/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
4/10
Pakistan
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
2/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
2/10
Papua New Guinea
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
4/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
3/10
Philippines
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
7/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
5/10
Sri Lanka
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
N/A
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
N/A
Thailand
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
5/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
3/10
Viet Nam
Civil society perspective (NCPI 2014)
Access to justice
Civil society
perspectives/
ratings:
2013
Trend
(2009-
2013)
Laws and policies in place to protect and promote HIV-related human rights
8/10
Efforts to implement human rights-related laws and policies
6/10
PLHIV Stigma Index
Progress to Zero Descrimination
Discrimination
On 27 May 2015, Australia joined the group of countries that have eliminated laws specifically criminalizing HIV transmission, exposure and non-disclosure by repealing the last piece of State based legislation (s 19A of the Crimes Act (Vic)).
Discrimination
In August 2014, Cambodian regulation (Prakas 194) setting out legal protections for labour rights of entertainment workers (including sex workers), such as protection against discrimination, violence and abuse, and access to health information, education and services was endorsed.
Discrimination
Same sex marriage was confirmed legal in Guam in June 2014, and in August 2015 the Employment Non-Discrimination Act was passed, extending workplace protections based on sexual orientation and gender identity and expression.
Discrimination
Myanmar amended the Burma Excise Act (1917) in December 2015 to remove penalties and fines for possessing hypodermic needles. This removes a key barrier to access to harm reduction for people who use drugs.
Discrimination
On 20 September 2015, Nepal took a historic step by adopting a new constitution, which protects lesbians, gays, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people from discrimination, violence, and abuse.
Discrimination
In September 2014, Quezon City, Philippines passed an Ordinance prohibiting violence and discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity.
Discrimination
In January 2015, Chinese Taipei removed HIV-related restrictions for entry, stay and residence.
Discrimination
As of September 2015, Thailand's Gender Equality Act explicitly prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender and is inclusive of lesbians, gay, bisexual and transgender people (LGBT).
Discrimination
Viet Nam will end the death penalty for seven crimes including possession and appropriation of drugs when the revised Penal Code takes effect on 1 July 2016.
Discrimination
Viet Nam completed the second round of the People Living with HIV Stigma Index in November 2014, providing evidence to inform efforts to achieve zero discrimination.
